Question
What are CDC recommendations for preconception counseling and prevention of sexual transmission of the Zika Virus?
Answer
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has interim guidance for pre-pregnancy counseling and prevention of sexual transmission of Zika based on ongoing assessment of available data.
Interim guidance includes the following new recommendations:
- Women and men who are planning to become pregnant in the near future should consider avoiding nonessential travel to areas with active Zika virus transmission.
- The amount of time to wait to attempt conception for couples in which the man has had possible Zika exposure but no Zika symptoms has increased from at least eight (8) weeks (previous guidance) to at least six (6) months after last possible exposure (updated guidance as of 9/30/16).
- The amount of time to use a condom to protect against transmission of Zika virus infection or not have sex for men with possible Zika exposure but without symptoms has increased from at least eight (8) weeks to at least six (6) months after last possible exposure.
The guidance also advises that:
- Women with possible Zika virus exposure who do not live in areas of active transmission but who are thinking about becoming pregnant should wait at least eight (8) weeks before trying to conceive.
- Women and men who live in areas with active Zika transmission and who are considering pregnancy in the near future should talk with their healthcare providers about their pregnancy plans during a Zika virus outbreak, the potential risks of Zika, and how they can prevent Zika virus infection during pregnancy.
- Women with possible Zika virus exposure who are not pregnant and do not plan to become pregnant and their male partners who want to minimize their risk of sexual transmission should use condoms in addition to their chosen birth control method or not have sex for the same time periods listed for couples planning pregnancy. Couples should be advised that correct and consistent use of condoms reduces the risk for other sexually transmitted infections.
- Women of reproductive age with possible Zika virus exposure who do not do want to become pregnant should use safe and effective contraception.
During pre-conception counseling, providers should review CDC recommendations regarding Zika Virus prevention. Further, pre-conception counseling, including the provision of Zika Virus transmission prevention should be documented in the medical record.
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